Morphological characteristics of olive (Olea europaea L.) of native variety "Masnjaca" in the area of Briševo in the Zadar county

Maslina je jedna od najstarijih uzgajanih kultura što potkrepljuju različiti dokazi o njenom uzgoju još za vrijeme stare Grčke. Areal uzgoja joj je Mediteran koji pruža povoljne agroekološke uvjete za njen uzgoj. Cilj rada je bio opisati morfološke karakteristike autohtone sorte Masnjača prema međunarodnom pravilniku za morfološku karakterizaciju masline, a svrha rada okarakterizirati sortu te dobivenim podacima obogatit već postojeću literaturu koje ima nedovoljno. U istraživanju je bilo obuhvaćeno 100 uzoraka sa pet stabala masline sorte Masnjača na području mjesta Briševo. Morfološke karakteristike plodova, koštica, listova i cvatova su opisane na temelju metodologije za primarnu karakterizaciju sorata masline na temelju IOC metode. Masa plodova kretala se od 2,44 ± 0,23 do 3,07 ±0,34 grama, a odnos duljine i širine ploda je bio između 1,19 ± 0,05 i 1,26 ± 0,06,što ukazuje da se radi o okruglim plodovima. Masa koštice je varirala između 0,82 ± 0,10 i 0,96 ± 0,13 grama, a odnos duljine i širine koštice je bio između 1,58 ± 0,12 i 1,69 ± 0,13 što nam ukazuje da se radi o jajolikim košticama. Listovi su prosječnih dužina između 53,40 ± 5,31 i 60,70 ± 7,16 mm, te prosječnih širina između 10,95 ± 1,16 i 11,61 ± 1,33 mm, dok im je odnos dužine i širine između 4,87 ±0,77 i 5,29 ± 0,80 na temelju čega zaključujemo da su listovi eliptično kopljasti. Prosječne dužine cvatova su u rasponu od 25,25 ± 5,55 do 29,34 ±7,25 mm s prosječnim brojem cvjetova između 11,34 ± 3,31 i 13,09 ± 4,10. Postotak funkcionalno muških cvjetova je između 11% i 19% dok je postotak hermafroditnih cvjetova između 81% i 89%.Olive is one of the oldest cultivated cultures which is supported by various evidence of its breeding in ancient Greece. It is cultivated in the Mediterranean area which offers favourable agro-ecological conditions for its cultivation.. The aim of this research paper was to describe the morphological characteristics of the autochthonous variety Masnjača according to the international regulations of the morphological characterization of the olive tree; and the purpose of the paper was to characterize this variety and with the obtained results enrich the existing insufficient literature. The study included 100 samples of Masnjača variety from five olive trees in the area of Briševo. The morphological characteristics of fruits, kernels, leaves and inflorescence are described on the basis of the methodology for the primary characterization of olives based on the IOC method. The weight of the fruit ranged from 2,44 ± 0,23 to 3,07 ± 0,34 grams, and the ratio of fruit length and width was between 1,19 ± 0,05 and 1,26 ± 0,06, indicating that it is spherical. The pit mass ranged between 0,82 ± 0,10 and 0,96 ± 0,13 grams, and the length and width of the pit was between 1,58 ± 0,12 and 1,69 ± 0,13, which indicates that it is ovoid. The leaves were of average lengths, between 53,40 ± 5,31 and 60,70 ± 7,16 mm, and average widths, between 10,95 ± 1,16 and 11,61 ± 1,33 mm; while the ratio of lengths and widths was between 4,87 ± 0,77 and 5,29 ± 0,80. Based on this data we can conclude that the leaves are elliptical lanceolata. Average inflorescence lengths range from 25,25 ± 5,55 to 29,34 ± 7,25 mm with an average number of flowers between 11,34 ±3,31 and 13,09 ± 4,10. The percentage of functional male flowers is between 11% and 19%, while the percentage of hermaphrodite flowers is between 81% and 89%